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科研管理 | “创业企业-孵化器”双边匹配及其对企业创新投入的影响研究
2024-05-15 00:20  浏览:4

“创业企业-孵化器”双边匹配及其对企业创新投入的影响研究

张淑惠1,吴雪勤2

1.陕西师范大学国际商学院,陕西 西安710119;

2.西安交通大学城市学院管理学院,陕西 西安710018

摘要孵化器是促进创业企业创新的重要政策工具。研究孵化器与创业企业的匹配情况对于提升创业企业培育效能、营造良好的创新创业生态系统具有重要意义。本文以孵化器与入孵企业为研究对象,基于双边匹配理论分析双方在不同偏好特征下的互选匹配机制并实证检验匹配结果对企业创新投入的影响。研究发现:(1)孵化器与创业企业的实际配对结果显著遵循了双边匹配机制,企业规模、企业成长性、企业家团队特征以及孵化器性质和实力等特征是双方形成稳定匹配的重要因素;(2)创业企业与孵化器稳定匹配对企业创新投入有显著的促进作用;(3)融资约束在“创业企业-孵化器”匹配度与企业创新投入之间发挥着部分中介作用。上述结果表明,孵化器与创业企业形成稳定匹配有利于提高孵化市场资源供需契合度和构建信任关系,二者之间的稳定匹配通过缓解企业融资约束有效促进了企业创新投入。本文为优化创业企业孵化市场资源配置、促进企业创新投入提供了新的思路和决策参考。

关键词孵化器;创业企业;双边匹配;企业创新投入

主要研究结论:本文基于新三板2015—2019年挂牌上市企业及其孵化器的相关数据,分析作为双边匹配市场交易双方的创业企业和孵化器的孵化行为,实证检验了基于双方偏好特征构建的“创业企业-孵化器”匹配度对企业创新投入的影响。研究发现:第一,孵化器与创业企业的实际配对结果显著遵循双边匹配机制,说明深入理解孵化市场应该采用结构化匹配视角而非简单的非人格化市场视角。以往研究孵化过程主要关注孵化器特征对入孵企业的影响,本质上仍然是在考察市场主体的单边选择,因此不能分析孵化器和在孵企业相互选择形成的整体结构化特征。本文采用双边匹配框架分析孵化市场中创业企业与孵化器在入孵选育阶段的双边互选,可以较好地解释孵化市场的结构化特征以及由此引致的市场绩效。第二,创业企业与孵化器稳定匹配对企业创新投入有显著的促进作用。这意味着,孵化市场良好设计的互选制度能够提高市场的效率,表现为企业创新活动活跃高效,进而带来更高的市场绩效。第三,融资约束在“创业企业-孵化器”匹配度与企业创新投入之间承担部分中介作用。这一结论揭示了孵化器与创业企业关系影响创新的机制,“创业企业-孵化器”匹配度越高表明资源供需契合度越高,进而促成孵化双方更为密切融洽和长期的合作关系,促进创业企业的内外源融资,而且使得企业有条件也有意愿将更多知识和资源投入创新活动。

Research on bilateral matching of "star-ups and incubators" and its impact on enterprise innovation investment

Zhang Shuhui1, Wu Xueqin2

(1. School of International Business, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an 710119, Shaanxi, China; 

2. Department of Management, Xi′an Jiaotong University City College, Xi′an 710018, Shaanxi, China

Abstract:Incubators represent an essential policy instrument pivotal in catalyzing innovation within entrepreneurial ventures. Exploration of the symbiotic relationship between incubators and entrepreneurial entities holds substantial significance in augmenting the developmental effectiveness of these enterprises, thereby fostering a robust ecosystem conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship. This study, centering on incubators and their resident enterprises, delved into the dynamics of their mutual selection and matching processes grounded in the principles of bilateral matching theory. Furthermore, it conducted empirical examinations to ascertain the influence of these matching paradigms on the innovation investment strategies of the enterprises involved.

The study presented herein discovered that: (1) The actual connections formed between incubators and entrepreneurial ventures closely comply with a two-sided matching process, wherein factors like company size, growth prospects, entrepreneurial background, team composition, and the attributes and prowess of the incubator play a vital role in establishing a stable alliance; (2) A robust alignment between startups and incubators markedly fosters innovation investment; and (3) Financial limitations serve as an intermediary influence linking the suitability of the startup-incubator pairing and the enterprises′ innovation investments. These outcomes suggest that a consistent partnership between incubators and entrepreneurial entities aids in matching the incubation market′s resource supply with demand and in forming trust-based relationships. This harmony eases financial hurdles for companies, thereby facilitating increased investment in innovation. This paper will offer novel viewpoints and strategic suggestions for the optimal distribution of resources within the entrepreneurial incubation arena to enhance innovation financing.

Key words:incubator; start-ups; bilateral matching;enterprise innovation investment

引用本文:张淑惠,吴雪勤.“创业企业-孵化器”双边匹配及其对企业创新投入的影响研究[J].科研管理,2024,45(4):130-137.

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